This function solves the following nonnegative least square linear problem using normal equations and the fast combinatorial strategy from Van Benthem et al. (2004):
fcnnls(x, y, ...)
S4 (matrix,matrix)
`fcnnls`(x, y, verbose = FALSE, pseudo = TRUE, ...)
.fcnnls
. Currently not used.FALSE
).X
K
.pseudo=FALSE
) the
algorithm uses Gaussian elimination to solve the
successive internal linear problems, using the
solve
function. If pseudo=TRUE
the
algorithm uses Moore-Penrose generalized
pseudoinverse
from the
corpcor
package instead of solve.A list containing the following components:
x the estimated optimal matrix K
.
fitted the fitted matrix X K
.
residuals the residual matrix Y - X K
.
deviance the residual sum of squares between the
fitted matrix X K
and the target matrix Y
.
That is the sum of the square residuals. passive
a r x p
logical matrix containing the passive set,
that is the set of entries in K
that are not null
(i.e. strictly positive). pseudo a logical that
is TRUE
if the computation was performed using the
pseudoinverse. See argument pseudo
.
min ||Y - X K||_F, s.t. K>=0where
Y
andX
are two real matrices of dimensionn x p
andn x r
respectively, and|.|_F
is the Frobenius norm.The algorithm is very fast compared to other approaches, as it is optimised for handling multiple right-hand sides.
Within the
NMF
package, this algorithm is used internally by the SNMF/R(L) algorithm from Kim et al. (2007) to solve general Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) problems, using alternating nonnegative constrained least-squares. That is by iteratively and alternatively estimate each matrix factor.The algorithm is an active/passive set method, which rearrange the right-hand side to reduce the number of pseudo-inverse calculations. It uses the unconstrained solution
K_u
obtained from the unconstrained least squares problem, i.e.min ||Y - X K||_F^2
, so as to determine the initial passive sets.The function
fcnnls
is provided separately so that it can be used to solve other types of nonnegative least squares problem. For faster computation, when multiple nonnegative least square fits are needed, it is recommended to directly use the function.fcnnls
.The code of this function is a port from the original MATLAB code provided by Kim et al. (2007).
signature(x = "matrix", y =
"matrix")
: This method wraps a call to the internal
function .fcnnls
, and formats the results in a
similar way as other lest-squares methods such as
lm
.
signature(x = "numeric", y =
"matrix")
: Shortcut for fcnnls(as.matrix(x), y,
...)
.
signature(x = "ANY", y = "numeric")
:
Shortcut for fcnnls(x, as.matrix(y), ...)
.
Original MATLAB code from Van Benthem and Keenan, slightly modified by H. Kim: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~hpark/software/fcnnls.m
Van Benthem M and Keenan MR (2004). "Fast algorithm for
the solution of large-scale non-negativity-constrained
least squares problems." _Journal of Chemometrics_,
*18*(10), pp. 441-450. ISSN 0886-9383,
Kim H and Park H (2007). "Sparse non-negative matrix
factorizations via alternating non-negativity-constrained
least squares for microarray data analysis."
_Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)_, *23*(12), pp.
1495-502. ISSN 1460-2059,
## Define a random nonnegative matrix matrix
n <- 200; p <- 20; r <- 3
V <- rmatrix(n, p)
## Compute the optimal matrix K for a given X matrix
X <- rmatrix(n, r)
res <- fcnnls(X, V)
## Compute the same thing using the Moore-Penrose generalized pseudoinverse
res <- fcnnls(X, V, pseudo=TRUE)
## It also works in the case of single vectors
y <- runif(n)
res <- fcnnls(X, y)
# or
res <- fcnnls(X[,1], y)
nmf